Reasoning and Fallacies

The following is a circular argument:

“Capital punishment is justified for cases of murder because the state has a right to put someone to death for having killed someone else.”

What fallacy best describes this argument.

Accusing someone of committing a fallacy is the same as accusing them of saying something that is factually incorrect.

The following is a hypothetical argument that a mother might tell her child. What fallacy best describes the argument:

You need to spend time on Saturday studying. If you don’t, then you won’t graduate with honors, and that will make it impossible to get into a top university, and you’ll end up flipping burgers for the rest of your life. Is that what you want?

Which fallacy best describes the following argument:

“All men care about is sports.  My last boyfriend watched sports all the time and never wanted to hang out with me.”

What fallacy best describes the following argument:

“If you allow the government to regulate health insurance eventually we will all be living in a totalitarian country with no rights to freedom of speech, religion, or private property.”

Which fallacy best describes the following argument:

“Lady Gaga is turning girls into sex crazed animals.  92% of sexually active girls between  the ages of 18 and 22 have previously listened to Lady Gaga.”

She is either voting Democrat or Republican. She isn’t voting Democrat, so she must be voting Republican.

The following can be described as which type of argument? “Legalizing gay marriage in California would produce much of the same effects that Massachusetts is experiencing since they have legalized gay marriage.”

A non-sequitor fallacy is also known as a:

_________________ reasoning starts from specific observations and results in a general conclusion, whereas ______________reasoning begins with a general principle and results with a specific conclusion.